An Abrahamic religion founded approx. 621 AD in Saudi Arabia by Muhammad, its prophet. In its holy scripture, the Quran, it is attested that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah (equivalent to God and Yahweh) and that Allah is the only source for all things divine, whether sanctity or damnation.
The common translation of the name from Arabic means "Religion of Being Healthy," though one can also interpret it as "submission" and many other forms.
Since the mid-1980's, special attention has been turned to a concept known as jihad, which under some extremists justifies "holy war"--this ranges from repression of "wrong Islam" and other religions to attacking justified by an improper moral code (commonly known as terrorism). Those who support this employment of jihad are few; the Quran does not justify violence under most circumstances.

It is a rapidly growing religion with at least 1.2 billion followers.

See Also:

religion
middle_eastern_mythology -- Islam has had a significant influence in contemporary interpretations of classic folklore.