Species: rattlesnake

Rattlesnakes are venomous pit viper snakes in the genus Crotalus, named for their distinct keratinous rattles grown on the end of their tails. They are the type genus of the subfamily Crotalinae.

As of 2020, there are over fifty species sorted into in Crotalus, the largest genus in the entire Viperidae family (rivaled only by Bothrops and Trimeresurus).

Species
  • eastern diamondback rattlesnake — Crotalus adamanteus (Ambrose Palisot de Beauvois, 1799)
  • Ángel de la Guarda Island speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus angelensis (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1963)
  • Querétaro dusky rattlesnake — Crotalus aquilus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • western dusky rattlesnake — Crotalus armstrongi (Johnathan A. Campbell, 1979)
  • western diamondback rattlesnake — Crotalus atrox (Spencer F. Baird & C. Frédéric Girard, 1853)
  • Mexican west coast rattlesnake — Crotalus basiliscus (Edward Drinker Cope, 1864)
  • Campbell's rattlesnake — Crotalus campbelli (Robert W. Bryson Jr. et al., 2014)
  • Santa Catalina rattlesnake — Crotalus catalinensis (Frank S. Cliff, 1954)
  • sidewinder — Crotalus cerastes (Edward Hallowell, 1854)
    • Mojave Desert sidewinder — Crotalus cerastes cerastes (Edward Hallowell, 1854)
    • Sonoran Desert sidewinder — Crotalus cerastes cercobombus (Jay Mathers Savage & Frank S. Cliff, 1953)
    • Colorado Desert sidewinder — laterorepens (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1944)
  • Arizona black rattlesnake — Crotalus cerberus (Elliott Ladd Coues, 1875)
  • midget faded rattlesnake — Crotalus concolor (Angus Munn Woodbury, 1929)
  • northwestern neotropical rattlesnake — Crotalus culminatus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • South American rattlesnake — Crotalus durissus (Carl Linnaeus, 1758)
    • Venezuelan rattlesnake — Crotalus durissus cumanensis (Alexander von Humboldt, 1833)
    • Guiana rattlesnake — Crotalus durissus durissus (Carl Linnaeus, 1758)
    • Marajon rattlesnake — Crotalus durissus marajoensis (Alphonse Richard Hoge, 1966)
    • Crotalus durissus maricelae (J.E. García-Pérez, 1995)
    • Crotalus durissus ruruima (Alphonse Richard Hoge, 1966)
    • Crotalus durissus terrificus (Josephus Nicolaus Laurenti, 1768)
    • Crotalus durissus trigonicus (Herbert S. Harris Jr. & Robert S. Simmons, 1978)
  • Tehuantepec Isthmus neotropical rattlesnake — Crotalus ehecatl (Rubén Alonso Carbajal-Marquez et al., 2020)
  • Baja California rattlesnake — Crotalus enyo (Edward Drinker Cope, 1861)
    • Cerralvo Island rattlesnake — Crotalus enyo cerralvensis (Frank S. Cliff, 1954)
    • Lower California rattlesnake — Crotalus enyo enyo (Edward Drinker Cope, 1861)
    • Rosario rattlesnake — Crotalus enyo furvus (C. Herbert Lowe Jr. & Kenneth S. Norris, 1954)
  • Guerreran long-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus ericsmithi (Johnathan A. Campbell & Oscar Flores-Villela, 2008)
  • San Esteban Island rattlesnake — Crotalus estebanensis (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1949)
  • black diamond rattlesnake — Crotalus helleri (Seth Eugene Meek, 1905)
  • timber rattlesnake — Crotalus horridus (Carl Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Mexican small-headed rattlesnake — Crotalus intermedius (Franz Hermann Troschel, 1865)
    • Totalcan small-headed rattlesnake — Crotalus intermedius intermedius (Franz Hermann Troschel, 1865)
    • Oaxacan small-headed rattlesnake — Crotalus intermedius gloydi (Edward Harrison Taylor, 1941)
    • Omilteman small-headed rattlesnake — Crotalus intermedius omiltemanus (Albert K.L.G. Günther, 1895)
  • Autlán rattlesnake — Crotalus lannomi (Wilmer Webster Tanner, 1966)
  • rock rattlesnake — Crotalus lepidus (Robert Kennicott, 1861)
    • banded rock rattlesnake — Crotalus lepidus klauberi (Howard Kay Gloyd, 1936)
    • mottled rock rattlesnake — Crotalus lepidus lepidus (Robert Kennicott, 1861)
    • Durango rock rattlesnake — Crotalus lepidus maculosus (Wilmer Webster Tanner, James R. Dixon, & Herbert S. Harris; 1972)
    • Tamaulipan rock rattlesnake — Crotalus lepidus morulus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • San Lorenzo Island rattlesnake — Crotalus lorenzoensis (Charles W. Radcliffe & T. Paul Maslin, 1975)
  • Great Basin rattlesnake — Crotalus lutosus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1930)
  • Veracruz neotropical rattlesnake — Crotalus mictlantecuhtli (Carbajal-Marquez 2020)
  • Mitchell's rattlesnake — Crotalus mitchellii (Edward Drinker Cope, 1861)
    • San Lucan speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus mitchellii mitchellii (Edward Drinker Cope, 1861)
    • El Muerto Island speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus mitchellii muertensis (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1949)
  • black-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus molossus (Spencer F. Baird & C. Frédéric Girard, 1853)
    • Northern black-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus molossus molossus (Spencer F. Baird & C. Frédéric Girard, 1853)
    • Mexican black-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus molossus nigrescens (Howard Kay Gloyd, 1936)
    • Oaxacan black-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus molossus oaxacus (Howard Kay Gloyd, 1948)
  • Tamaulipan rock rattlesnake — Crotalus morulus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • western rattlesnake — Crotalus oreganus (John Edwards Holbrook, 1840)
  • eastern black-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus ornatus (Edward Hallowell, 1854)
  • Horsehead Island speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus polisi (Jesse Meik et al., 2018)
  • Mexican lance-headed rattlesnake — Crotalus polystictus (Edward Drinker Cope, 1865)
  • twin-spotted rattlesnake — Crotalus pricei (John Van Denburgh, 1895)
    • eastern twin-spotted rattlesnake — Crotalus pricei miquihuanus (Howard Kay Gloyd, 1940)
    • western twin-spotted rattlesnake — Crotalus pricei pricei (John Van Denburgh, 1895)
  • Tancitaran dusky rattlesnake — Crotalus pusillus (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • southwestern speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus pyrrhus (Edward Drinker Cope, 1867)
  • Mexican pygmy rattlesnake — Crotalus ravus (Edward Drinker Cope, 1865)
    • Oaxacan pygmy rattlesnake — Crotalus ravus brunneus (Herbert S. Harris & Robert S. Simmons, 1977)
    • Guerreran pygmy rattlesnake — Crotalus ravus exiguus (Johnathan A. Campbell & Armstrong, 1979)
    • Central Mexican pygmy rattlesnake — Crotalus ravus ravus (Edward Drinker Cope, 1865)
  • red diamond rattlesnake — Crotalus ruber (Edward Drinker Cope, 1892)
    • Cedros Island red diamond rattlesnake — Crotalus ruber exsui (Samuel Walton Garman, 1884)
    • San Lucan diamond rattlesnake — Crotalus ruber lucasensis (John Van Denburgh, 1920)
    • Crotalus ruber ruber (Edward Drinker Cope, 1892)
  • Mojave rattlesnake — Crotalus scutulatus (Robert Kennicott, 1861)
    • Huamantlan rattlesnake — Crotalus scutulatus salvini (Albert K.L.G. Günther, 1895)
    • Northern Mojave rattlesnake — Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus (Robert Kennicott, 1861)
  • Central American rattlesnake — Crotalus simus (Pierre André Latreille, 1801)
  • Sinaloan long-tailed rattlesnake — Crotalus stejnegeri (Emmett Reid Dunn, 1919)
  • Panamint rattlesnake — Crotalus stephensi (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1930)
  • Tancitaro rattlesnake — Crotalus tancitarensis (Javier Alvarado-Díaz & Johnathan A. Campbell, 2004)
  • Isla Piojo speckled rattlesnake — Crotalus thalassoporus (Jesse Meik et al., 2018)
  • tiger rattlesnake — Crotalus tigris (Robert Kennicott, 1859)
  • Tláloc's rattlesnake — Crotalus tlaloci (Bryson et al., 2014)
  • Totonacan rattlesnake — Crotalus totonacus (Howard Kay Gloyd & Carl Frederick Kauffeld, 1940)
  • cross-banded mountain rattlesnake — Crotalus transversus (Edward Harrison Taylor, 1944)
  • Mexican dusky rattlesnake — Crotalus triseriatus (Johann Georg Wagler, 1830)
    • Crotalus triseriatus armstrongi (Johnathan A. Campbell, 1979)
    • Crotalus triseriatus triseriatus (Johann Georg Wagler, 1830)
  • Yucatán neotropical rattlesnake — Crotalus tzabcan (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1952)
  • Aruba rattlesnake — Crotalus unicolor (T.W. van Lidth de Jeude, 1887)
  • Uracoan rattlesnake — Crotalus vegrandis (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1941)
  • prairie rattlesnake — Crotalus viridis (Constantine S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1818)
    • Hopi rattlesnake — Crotalus viridis nuntius (Laurence Monroe Klauber, 1935)
    • Crotalus viridis viridis (Constantine S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1818)
  • Willard's ridge-nosed rattlesnake — Crotalus willardi (Seth Eugene Meek, 1905)

The species of the related genus Sistrurus are sometimes also called rattlesnakes; those three species are also called ground rattlesnakes, pygmy rattlesnakes, or massasaugas to distinguish from the true rattlesnakes of Crotalus.

See also

External links

The following tags are aliased to this tag: rattle_snakes, rattlesnakes, rattle_snake (learn more).

This tag implicates pit_viper (learn more).

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